Mechanics III- Strength of Materials

UNION COLLEGE

Civil Engineering Department

STRENGTH OF MATERIALS (ESC-023)

Professor: Dr. Ashraf M. Ghaly, P.E.

Tel., email: 518-388-6515, ghalya@union.edu

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

Strength of Materials, is a basic engineering course and is a branch of applied mechanics that deals with the behavior of solid bodies subjected to various types of loading. The solid bodies considered in this course include axially loaded members, shafts in torsion, thin shells, beams, and columns, as well as structures that are assemblies of these components. Usually the objectives of a strength of materials analysis are the determination of the stresses, strains, and displacements, produced by the loads. Knowing these quantities for all values of load up to the failure load gives a complete picture of the mechanical behavior of the body. Classroom lectures are supplemented with physical demonstrations. The course includes a laboratory where students have an opportunity to build an appreciation for the phenomenon being discussed in lecture. The course also includes a design project where a link between theory and application will be made.

COURSE GRADE:

Assignments & Quizzes = 20%

Laboratory Reports = 20%

First Term Test (M, 6th week) = 15%

Second Term Test (F, 9th week) = 15%

Project = 5%

Final Examination = 25%

SCHEME OF FINAL GRADE
90+ = A	85+ = A(-)	80+ = B(+)	75+ = B	70+ = B(-)	65+ = C(+)	60+ = C	55+ = C(-)	50+ = D

NOTES:

Assigned homework are due as will be arranged. Late submission results in partial grade loss.
Students are encouraged to attempt additional problems at the end of every chapter, however, submission is not required.
Unannounced quizzes are probable to ensure students are keeping up with course work.
Attendance of final exam is mandatory. If a student does not wish to solve given assignments, then this student may request that the assignments points be shifted to any or all of the three exams. Students may also elect to shift the points of any or both of the term tests to the final exam. This election, however, must be made before tests. Students should be aware of the risk involved with such decisions.

TEXT:

Beer, F.P., and Johnston, E.R. (1992). "Mechanics of Materials," Second Edition, McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New York, NY.

SUGGESTED REFERENCES:

Gere, J.M., and Timoshinko, S.P. (1997). "Mechanics of Materials," Fourth Edition, PWS Publishing Co., Boston, MA.

COURSE OUTLINE

1 INTRODUCTION–CONCEPT OF STRESS
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Forces and Stresses
1.3 Axial Loading; Normal Stress
1.4 Shearing Stress
1.5 Bearing Stress in Connections
1.6 Application to the Analysis of Simple Structures
1.7 Stress on an Oblique Plane under Axial Loading
1.8 Stress under General Loading Conditions; Components of Stress
1.9 Ultimate and Allowable Stress: Factor of Safety
Review and Summary

2 STRESS AND STRAIN – AXIAL LOADING
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Normal Strain under Axial Loading
2.3 Stress-Strain Diagram
2.5 Hooke's Law; Modulus of Elasticity
2.6 Elastic versus Plastic Behavior of a Material
2.7 Repeated Loadings; Fatigue
2.8 Deformations of Members under Axial Loading
2.9 Statically Indeterminate Problems
2.10 Problems Involving Temperature Changes
2.11 Poisson's Ratio
2.12 Multiaxial Loading; Generalized Hooke's Law
2.14 Shearing Strain
2.15 Discussion of the Deformations under Axial Loading
2.16 Stress and Strain Distribution under Axial Loading; Saint-Venant's Principle
2.17 Stress Concentrations
2.18 Plastic Deformations
Review and Summary
3 TORSION
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Preliminary Discussion of the Stresses in a Shaft
3.3 Deformations in a Circular Shaft
3.4 Stresses in the Elastic Range
3.5 Angle of Twist in the Elastic Range
3.6 Statically Indeterminate Shafts
3.7 Design of Transmission Shafts
3.8 Stress Concentrations in Circular Shafts
Review and Summary
4 PURE BENDING
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Prismatic Members in Pure Bending
4.3 Preliminary Discussion of the Stresses in Pure Bending
4.4 Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Pure Bending
4.5 Stresses and Deformations in the Elastic Range
4.6 Deformations in a Transverse Cross Section
4.7 Bending of Members Made of Several Materials
4.8 Stress Concentrations
4.13 Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry
4.14 Unsymmetric Bending
4.15 General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading
Review and Summary
5 TRANSVERSE LOADING
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Transverse Loading of Prismatic Members
5.3 Basic Assumption Regarding the Distribution of the Normal Stresses
5.4 Determination of the Shear on a Horizontal Plane
5.5 Determination of the Shearing Stresses in a Beam
5.6 Shearing Stresses in Common Types of Beams
5.8 Shear on an Arbitrary Longitudinal Cut
5.9 Shearing Stresses in Thin-Walled Members
5.11 Stresses under Combined Loadings
Review and Summary
6 TRANSFORMATIONS OF STRESS AND STRAIN
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Transformation of Plane Stress
6.3 Principal Stresses; Maximum Shearing Stress
6.4 Mohr's Circle for Plane Stress
6.5 General State of Stress
6.6 Application of Mohr's Circle to the Three-Dimensional Analysis of Stress
6.9 Stresses in Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels
Review and Summary
7 DESIGN OF BEAMS AND SHAFTS FOR STRENGTH
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Basic Considerations for the Design of Prismatic Beams
7.3 Shear and Bending-Moment Diagrams
7.4 Relations among Load, Shear, and Bending Moment
7.6 Principal Stresses in a Beam
7.7 Design of Prismatic Beams
Review and Summary
8 DEFLECTION OF BEAMS BY INTEGRATION
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Deformation of a Beam under Transverse Loading
8.3 Equation of the Elastic Curve
8.5 Statically Indeterminate Beams
8.7 Method of Superposition
Review and Summary
9 DEFLECTION OF BEAMS BY MOMENT-AREA METHOD
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Moment-Area Theorems
9.3 Application to Cantilever Beams and Beams with Symmetric Loadings
Review and Summary
10 ENERGY METHODS
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Strain Energy
10.3 Strain-Energy Density
10.4 Elastic Strain Energy for Normal Stresses
10.5 Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses
10.7 Impact Loading
10.8 Design for Impact Loads
10.9 Work and Energy under a Single Load
10.10 Deflection under a Single Load by the Work-Energy Method
Review and Summary
11 COLUMNS
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Stability of Structures
11.3 Euler's Formula for Pin-Ended Columns
11.4 Extension of Euler's Formula to Columns with Other End Conditions
11.6 Design of Columns under a Centric Load
11.7 Design of Columns under an Eccentric Load
Review and Summary

LABORATORY SCHEDULE

Lab (1): Tensile Strength of Metals - Axially loaded members (steel, aluminum, brass).

Lab (2): Non Destructive Testing of Metals - Stress and strain of loaded members (steel, aluminum, brass).

Lab (3): Torsion - Stress and deformation in a circular shaft (steel, aluminum, brass).

Lab (4): Pure Bending of Beams - Stress and deformation in rectangular and I beams (steel, aluminum).

Lab (5): Columns - Centric loading (steel, aluminum).

SPECIFICATIONS OF LAB REPORT

Although students will work in groups, every student will be responsible for submitting a separate report showing his/her own effort. The lab report shall include a cover page with the names of all partners in the group, course and test titles, and date. The report itself shall contain the objective of the test, procedure, a sketch of equipment used, tables of data recorded, presentation of results in charts and graphs, and conclusions. The report should emphasize the technical aspect of the test. Emphasis of grading will be placed on the technical content of the report as well as clarity, creativity, and correctness of writing.

WHAT IS COVERED IN EXAMS?

Test	Topics
First Term Test	1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
Second Term Test	6, 7, 8, and 9
Final Exam	ALL

Student Projects