UNION COLLEGE
Civil Engineering Department
REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN (CER-132)
Professor: Dr. Ashraf M. Ghaly, P.E.
Tel., email: 518-388-6515, ghalya@union.edu
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
This course is intended to introduce the civil engineering
students to concrete design, with emphasis on ultimate strength
design method for singly and doubly reinforced rectangular and T
beams, shear; bond, deflections, slabs, columns, and concrete
strength experiments. Design of highway bridges according to the
AASHTO specifications will also be covered.
COURSE GRADE:
Assignments & Quizzes = 25%
Term Test (TH, 7th week) = 30%
Project BeamBang = 15%
Final Examination = 30%
| SCHEME OF
FINAL GRADE |
| 90+ = A |
85+ = A(-) |
80+ = B(+) |
75+ = B |
70+ = B(-) |
65+ = C(+) |
60+ = C |
55+ = C(-) |
50+ = D |
NOTES:
- Assigned homework are due as will be arranged. Late
submission results in partial grade loss.
- Unannounced quizzes are probable to ensure students are
keeping up with course work.
- Attendance of final exam is mandatory. If a student does
not wish to solve given assignments, then this student
may request that the assignments points be shifted to any
or all of the three exams. Students may also elect to
shift the points of any or both of the term tests to the
final exam. This election, however, must be made before
tests. Students should be aware of the risk involved with
such decisions.
TEXT:
Nawy, E.G. (1996). "Reinforced Concrete, A Fundamental
Approach," Third Edition, Prentice Hall Publishing Company,
NJ.
SUGGESTED REFERENCES:
1. MacGregor, J.G. (1997). "Reinforced Concrete,
Mechanics and Design," Third Edition, Prentice Hall
Publishing Company, NJ.
2. Spiegel, L., and Limbrunner, G.F. (1998). "Reinforced
Concrete Design," Fourth Edition, Prentice Hall Publishing
Company, NJ.
3. Wang, C.K., and Salmon, C.G. (1985). "Reinforced
Concrete Design," Fourth Edition, Harper & Row,
Publishers, NY.
COURSE OUTLINE
Topic 1 (Chapter 1)
- Introduction
- Historical Development of Structural Concrete
- Basic Hypothesis of Reinforced Concrete
- Analysis versus Design of Sections
Topic 2 (Chapter 2)
- Concrete-Producing Materials
- Introduction
- Portland Cement
- Manufacture
- Strength
- Average Percentage Composition
- Influence of Fineness of Cement on Strength Development
- Influence of Cement on the Durability of Concrete
- Heat Generation during Initial Set
- Water and Air
- Water
- Entrained Air
- Water/Cement Ratio
- Aggregates
- Coarse Aggregate
- Fine Aggregate
- Grading of Normal weight Concrete Mixes
- Grading of Lightweight Concrete Mixes
- Grading of Heavy-Weight and Nuclear-Shielding Aggregates
- Unit Weights of Aggregates
- Admixtures
- Accelerating Admixtures
- AirEntraining Admixtures
- Water-Reducing and Set-Controlling Admixtures
- Finely Divided Admixtures
- Admixtures for No-Slump Concrete
- Polymers
- Superplasticizers
Topic 3 (Chapter 3)
- Concrete
- Introduction
- Compactness
- Strength
- Water/Cement Ratio
- Texture
- Parameters Affecting Concrete Quality
- Proportioning Theory
- ACI Method of Mix Design
- Mix Design of Normal weight Concrete
- Recommended Proportions for Concrete Strength
- Quality Tests on Concrete
- Workability or Consistency
- Air Content
- Compressive Strength of Hardened Concrete
- Flexural Strength of Plain Concrete Beams
- Tensile Splitting Tests
- Placing and Curing of Concrete
- Placing
- Curing
- Properties of Hardened Concrete
- Compressive Strength
- Tensile Strength
- Shear Strength
- Stress-Strain Curve
- Modulus of Elasticity
- Shrinkage
- Creep
- Creep Effects
Topic 4 (Chapter 4)
- Reinforced Concrete
- Introduction
- Types and Properties of Steel Reinforcement
- Bar Spacing and Concrete Cover for Steel Reinforcement
- Concrete Structural Systems
- Floor Slabs
- Beams
- Columns
- Walls
- Foundations
- Reliability and Structural Safety of Concrete
Components
- ACI Load Factors and Safety Margins
- Design Strength versus Nominal Strength
- Strength Reduction Factor
- Quality Control and Quality Assurance
- The User
- Planning
- Design
- Materials
- Selection
- Construction
Topic 5 (Chapter 5)
- Flexure in Beams
- Introduction
- The Equivalent Rectangular Block
- Balanced Reinforcement Ratio
- Analysis of Singly Reinforced Beams for Flexure
- Flexural Analysis of a Single Reinforced Beam
- Nominal Resisting Moment in a Singly Reinforced Beam
- Design of a Singly Reinforced Simply Supported Beam for
Flexure
- Arrangement of Reinforcement
- One-Way Slabs
- Design of a One-Way Slab for Flexure
- Doubly Reinforced Sections
- Analysis of a Doubly Reinforced Beam for Flexure
- Design of a Doubly Reinforced Beam for Flexure
- Non-rectangular Sections
- Analysis of T and L Beams
- Analysis of a T Beam for Moment Capacity
- Design of an End-Span L Beam
- Design of an Interior Continuous Floor Beam for Flexure
Topic 6 (Chapter 6)
- Shear & Diagonal Tension in Beams
- Introduction
- Behavior of Homogeneous Beams
- Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams as Non
Homogeneous Sections
- Reinforced Concrete Beams without Diagonal Tension
Reinforcement
- Modes of Failure of Beams without Diagonal Tension
Reinforcement
- Flexural Failure
- Diagonal Tension Failure
- Shear Compression Failure
- Diagonal Tension Analysis of Slender and Intermediate
Beams
- Web Steel Planar Truss Analogy
- Web Steel Resistance
- Limitations on Size and Spacing of Stirrups
- Web Reinforcement Design Procedure for Shear
- Example on the Design Contents of Web Steel for Shear
- Design of Web Stirrups
- Brackets or Corbels
- Shear Friction Hypothesis for Shear Transfer in Corbels
- Horizontal External Force Effect
- Sequence of Corbel Design Steps
- Design of a Bracket or Corbel
Topic 7 (Chapter 8)
- Serviceability of Beams & One-Way Slabs
- Introduction
- Significance of Deflection Observation
- Deflection Behavior of Beams
- Pre-cracking Stage: Region I
- Alternative Methods of Cracking Moment Evaluation
- Post-cracking Service Load Stage: Region II
- Effective Moment of Inertia of Cracked Beam Sections
- Post-serviceability Cracking Stage and Limit State of
Deflection Behavior at Failure: Region III
- Long-Term Deflection
- Permissible Deflections in Beams and One-Way Slabs
- Empirical Method of Minimum Thickness Evaluation for
Deflection Control
- Permissible Limits of Calculated Deflection
- Computation of Deflections
- Deflection Behavior of a Uniformly Loaded Simple Span
Beam
- Operational Deflection Calculation Procedure and
Flowchart
- Deflection Control in One-Way Slabs
- Deflection Calculations for a Simply Supported One-Way
Slab
- Tolerable Crack Widths
Topic 8 (Chapter 9)
- Combined Compression & Bending: Columns
- Introduction
- Types of Columns
- Strength of Short Concentrically Loaded Columns
- Analysis of an Axially Loaded Short Rectangular Tied
Column
- Analysis of an Axially Loaded Short Circular Column
- Strength of Eccentrically Loaded Columns: Axial Load
and Bending
- Behavior of Eccentrically Loaded Short Columns
- Basic Column Equations
- Trial-and-Adjustment Procedure for Analysis (Design) of
Columns
- Modes of Material Failure in Columns
- Balanced Failure in Rectangular Column Sections
- Analysis of a Column Subjected to Balanced Failure
- Tension Failure in Rectangular Column Sections
- Columns Controlled by Tension Failure; Stress in
Compression Steel Equals Yield Strength
- Columns Controlled by Tension Failure; Stress in
Compression Steel Less Than Yield Strength
- Compression Failure in Rectangular Column Sections
- Analysis of a Column Controlled by Compression Failure;
Trial-and-Adjustment Procedure
- General Case of Columns Reinforced on All Faces: Whitney's
Approximate Solution
- Rectangular Concrete Columns
- Analysis of a Column Controlled by Compression Failure;
Whitney's Equation
- Circular Concrete Columns
- Empirical Method of Analysis of Circular Columns
- Calculation of Equivalent Rectangular Cross Section for a
Circular Column
- Analysis of a Circular Column
- Practical Design Considerations
- Longitudinal or Main Reinforcement
- Lateral Reinforcement for Columns
- Operational Procedure for the Design of Non-slender
Columns
- Numerical Examples for Analysis and Design of
Non-slender Columns
- Design of a Column with Large Eccentricity; Initial
Tension Failure
- Design of a Column with Small Eccentricity; Initial
Compression Failure
- Design of a Circular Spirally Reinforced Column
- Limit State at Buckling Failure (Slender or Long
Columns)
Topic 9 (Chapter 10)
- Bond Development of Reinforcing Bars
- Introduction
- Bond Stress Development
- Anchorage Bond
- Flexural Bond
- Basic Development Length
- Development of Deformed Bars in Tension
- Modifying Multipliers of Development
- Length for Bars in Tension
- Development of Deformed Bars in Compression and the
Modifying Multipliers
- Embedment Length of Deformed Bars
- Mechanical Anchorage and Hooks
- Embedment Length for a Standard 90 degrees Hook
- Development of Flexural Reinforcement in Continuous
Beams
- Splicing of Reinforcement
- Splicing
- Splices of Deformed Bars and Deformed Wires in Tension
- Splices of Deformed bars in Compression
- Splice Design for Tension Reinforcement
- Splice Design for Compression Reinforcement
- Typical Detailing of Reinforcement and Bar Scheduling
Topic 10 (Chapter 11)
- Design of Two-Way Slabs & Plates
- Introduction: Review of Methods
- The Semi-elastic ACI Code Approach
- Flexural Behavior of Two-Way Slabs and Plates
- Two-Way Action
- Relative Stiffness Effects
- The Direct Design Method
- Limitations of the Direct Design Method
- Determination of the Factored Total Statical Moment
- Distributed Factored Moments and Slab Reinforcement
- Negative and Positive Factored Design Moments
- Factored Moments in Column Strips
- Factored Moments in Middle Strips
- Effects of Pattern Loading on Increase of Positive
Moments
- Shear-Moment Transfer to Columns Supporting Flat Plates
- Shear Strength
- Shear-Moment Transfer
- Deflection Requirement for Minimum Thickness: An Indirect
Approach
- Design and Analysis Procedures
- Operational Steps
- Design of Flat Plate without Beams
- Design of Two-Way Slab on Beams
- Direct Method of Deflection Evaluation
Topic 11 (AASHTO)
- AASHTO Specifications For Highway Bridges
- General Provisions
- General features of Design
- Loads
- Analysis
- Design
- Reinforcement
- Soil-Structure Interaction
- Loading
Project BeamBang
BeamBang is a challenging competition in the
design and construction of a reinforced concrete beam which has
the lightest possible unit weight of concrete and the highest
possible strength in flexure with the lowest amount of
reinforcements. It is for the Civil Engineering students at Union
College who are registered in the reinforced concrete design
course.
WHAT IS COVERED IN EXAMS?
Student
Projects
